diff --git a/src/llama-sampling.cpp b/src/llama-sampling.cpp
index 6beb927a6c..78fe7706b9 100644
--- a/src/llama-sampling.cpp
+++ b/src/llama-sampling.cpp
@@ -2349,11 +2349,18 @@ struct llama_sampler_power_law {
     std::mt19937   rng;
 
     // historical token probabilities weighted by recency
-    float weighted_sum;
+    float              weighted_sum;
     // sum of weights, converges to 1/(1-decay)
-    float total_weight;
+    float              total_weight;
+    // used to store original token probabilities (needed for history update after selection)
+    std::vector<float> original_probs;
 };
 
+// transformation constants
+static constexpr float DISTRIBUTION_WIDTH = 0.3f;
+static constexpr float PEAK_LOGIT_VALUE   = 5.0f;
+static constexpr float INV_WIDTH          = 1.0f / DISTRIBUTION_WIDTH;
+
 static const char * llama_sampler_power_law_name(const struct llama_sampler * /*smpl*/) {
     return "power-law";
 }
@@ -2369,7 +2376,7 @@ static float llama_sampler_power_law_compute_target(const llama_sampler_power_la
     fprintf(stderr, "power-law: compute_target: target = %.3f\n", target);
 
     // clamp result to [0.0, 1.0]
-    target = std::max(0.0f, std::min(target, 1.0f));
+    target = std::clamp(target, 0.0f, 1.0f);
     fprintf(stderr, "power-law: compute_target: target (post-clamp) = %.3f\n", target); fflush(stderr);
     return target;
 }
@@ -2379,43 +2386,32 @@ static void llama_sampler_power_law_apply(struct llama_sampler * smpl, llama_tok
 
     if (ctx->target < 0.0f) {
         // no-op: just sample from the distribution as-is
-        fprintf(stderr, "power-law: no-op!"); fflush(stderr);
+        fprintf(stderr, "power-law: no-op!");
         llama_sampler_softmax_impl(cur_p, false);
         const int idx = llama_sample_dist(cur_p, ctx->rng);
         cur_p->selected = idx;
         return;
     }
 
-    // clamp decay to avoid degenerate case at 1.0 (unbounded accumulation)
-    const float decay = std::min(ctx->decay, 0.99f);
-    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: decay = %.3f\n", decay); fflush(stderr);
-
     // get the original probabilities
     llama_sampler_softmax_impl(cur_p, false);
 
-    // store the original probabilities (needed for history update after selection)
-    std::vector<float> original_probs;
-    original_probs.reserve(cur_p->size);
+    // store the original probabilities
+    ctx->original_probs.resize(cur_p->size);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < cur_p->size; ++i) {
-        original_probs.push_back(cur_p->data[i].p);
+        ctx->original_probs[i] = cur_p->data[i].p;
     }
 
     float computed_target = llama_sampler_power_law_compute_target(ctx);
-    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: computed_target = %.3f\n", computed_target); fflush(stderr);
+    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: computed_target = %.3f\n", computed_target);
 
     //
     // power law transform
     //
 
-    // transformation constants
-    const float distribution_width = 0.3f;
-    const float peak_logit_value   = 5.0f;
-
-    const float inv_width = 1.0f / distribution_width;
-
     for (size_t i = 0; i < cur_p->size; ++i) {
-        float dist = (cur_p->data[i].p - computed_target) * inv_width;
-        cur_p->data[i].logit = peak_logit_value / (1.0f + dist * dist);
+        float dist = (cur_p->data[i].p - computed_target) * INV_WIDTH;
+        cur_p->data[i].logit = PEAK_LOGIT_VALUE / (1.0f + dist * dist);
     }
 
     llama_sampler_softmax_impl(cur_p, false);
@@ -2423,14 +2419,14 @@ static void llama_sampler_power_law_apply(struct llama_sampler * smpl, llama_tok
     // sample from transformed distribution
     const int idx   = llama_sample_dist(cur_p, ctx->rng);
     cur_p->selected = idx;
-    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: selected token at index %d\n", idx); fflush(stderr);
+    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: selected token at index %d\n", idx);
 
     // update running history with the original probability of the selected token
-    float original_p  = original_probs[idx];
-    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: original prob was %.3f\n", original_p); fflush(stderr);
-    ctx->weighted_sum = original_p + decay * ctx->weighted_sum;
-    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: updated ctx->weighted_sum = %.3f\n", ctx->weighted_sum); fflush(stderr);
-    ctx->total_weight = 1.0f + decay * ctx->total_weight;
+    float original_p  = ctx->original_probs[idx];
+    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: original prob was %.3f\n", original_p);
+    ctx->weighted_sum = original_p + ctx->decay * ctx->weighted_sum;
+    fprintf(stderr, "power-law: updated ctx->weighted_sum = %.3f\n", ctx->weighted_sum);
+    ctx->total_weight = 1.0f + ctx->decay * ctx->total_weight;
     fprintf(stderr, "power-law: updated ctx->total_weight = %.3f\n", ctx->total_weight); fflush(stderr);
 }
 
@@ -2448,6 +2444,7 @@ static struct llama_sampler * llama_sampler_power_law_clone(const struct llama_s
     result_ctx->rng          = ctx->rng;
     result_ctx->weighted_sum = ctx->weighted_sum;
     result_ctx->total_weight = ctx->total_weight;
+    result_ctx->original_probs.reserve(ctx->original_probs.capacity());
 
     return result;
 }
@@ -2475,7 +2472,7 @@ struct llama_sampler * llama_sampler_init_power_law(
         /* .iface = */ &llama_sampler_power_law_i,
         /* .ctx   = */ new llama_sampler_power_law {
             /* .target       = */ target,
-            /* .decay        = */ decay,
+            /* .decay        = */ std::min(decay, 0.99f),
             /* .seed         = */ seed_cur,
             /* .rng          = */ std::mt19937(seed_cur),
             /* .weighted_sum = */ 0.0f,