diff --git a/evals/benchmark_helper.h b/evals/benchmark_helper.h
index f6e32c0..9d4773a 100644
--- a/evals/benchmark_helper.h
+++ b/evals/benchmark_helper.h
@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ class GemmaEnv {
   }
 
   std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(std::string& input) const {
-    return gcpp::WrapAndTokenize(model_->Tokenizer(), model_->Info(), 0, input);
+    return gcpp::WrapAndTokenize(model_->Tokenizer(), model_->ChatTemplate(),
+                                 model_->Info(), 0, input);
   }
 
   std::string StringFromTokens(const std::vector<int>& tokens) const {
diff --git a/evals/gemma_test.cc b/evals/gemma_test.cc
index 7674c5e..c73bec6 100644
--- a/evals/gemma_test.cc
+++ b/evals/gemma_test.cc
@@ -178,22 +178,25 @@ TEST_F(GemmaTest, Multiturn) {
   TimingInfo timing_info{.verbosity = 0};
   // First "say" something slightly unusual.
   std::string mutable_prompt = "I have a car and its color is turquoise.";
-  std::vector<int> tokens = WrapAndTokenize(model->Tokenizer(), model->Info(),
-                                            abs_pos, mutable_prompt);
+  std::vector<int> tokens =
+      WrapAndTokenize(model->Tokenizer(), model->ChatTemplate(), model->Info(),
+                      abs_pos, mutable_prompt);
+
   model->Generate(runtime_config, tokens, abs_pos, s_env->MutableKVCache(),
                   timing_info);
   // Note: we do not rewind any <end_of_turn> tokens here. If the model
   // produced one and WrapAndTokenize() inserts another one, it will just be
   // duplicated.
   mutable_prompt = "Please repeat all prior statements.";
-  tokens = WrapAndTokenize(model->Tokenizer(), model->Info(), abs_pos,
-                           mutable_prompt);
+  tokens = WrapAndTokenize(model->Tokenizer(), model->ChatTemplate(),
+                           model->Info(), abs_pos, mutable_prompt);
+
   // Reset the `response` string here, then check that the model actually has
   // access to the previous turn by asking to reproduce.
   response.clear();
   model->Generate(runtime_config, tokens, abs_pos, s_env->MutableKVCache(),
                   timing_info);
-  fprintf(stderr, "decoded: %s\n", response.c_str());
+  fprintf(stderr, "decoded: '%s'\n", response.c_str());
   bool remembered_turquoise =
       response.find("turquoise") != std::string::npos;              // NOLINT
   bool remembered_car = response.find("car") != std::string::npos;  // NOLINT
diff --git a/examples/hello_world/run.cc b/examples/hello_world/run.cc
index fb2fea3..8f65b15 100644
--- a/examples/hello_world/run.cc
+++ b/examples/hello_world/run.cc
@@ -74,8 +74,9 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 
   // Tokenize instructions.
   std::string prompt = "Write a greeting to the world.";
-  const std::vector<int> tokens = gcpp::WrapAndTokenize(
-      model.Tokenizer(), loader.Info(), generated, prompt);
+  const std::vector<int> tokens =
+      gcpp::WrapAndTokenize(model.Tokenizer(), model.ChatTemplate(),
+                            loader.Info(), generated, prompt);
   const size_t prompt_size = tokens.size();
 
   // This callback function gets invoked every time a token is generated
diff --git a/examples/simplified_gemma/gemma.hpp b/examples/simplified_gemma/gemma.hpp
index a2a7760..5047866 100644
--- a/examples/simplified_gemma/gemma.hpp
+++ b/examples/simplified_gemma/gemma.hpp
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ class SimplifiedGemma {
     size_t generated = 0;
 
     const std::vector<int> tokens = gcpp::WrapAndTokenize(
-        model_.Tokenizer(), loader_.Info(), generated, prompt);
+        model_.Tokenizer(), model_.ChatTemplate(), loader_.Info(),
+        generated, prompt);
     const size_t prompt_size = tokens.size();
 
     // This callback function gets invoked every time a token is generated
@@ -115,4 +116,4 @@ class SimplifiedGemma {
   gcpp::KVCache kv_cache_;
   std::mt19937 gen_;
   std::string validation_error_;
-};
\ No newline at end of file
+};
diff --git a/gemma/common.cc b/gemma/common.cc
index da782c5..9d5db95 100644
--- a/gemma/common.cc
+++ b/gemma/common.cc
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "util/basics.h"  // BF16
+// TODO: change include when PromptWrapping is moved.
+#include "compression/shared.h"  // PromptWrapping
 #include "hwy/base.h"
 
 namespace gcpp {
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ constexpr PromptWrapping kPromptWrapping[] = {
     PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA, PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA,  // PG2 3B 224/448
     PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA, PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA,  // PG2 10B 224/448
     PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM,                             // Gemma3 4B
-    PromptWrapping::GEMMA_PT,                              // Gemma3 1B
+    PromptWrapping::GEMMA_IT,                              // Gemma3 1B
     PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM,                             // Gemma3 12B
     PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM,                             // Gemma3 27B
 };
diff --git a/gemma/common.h b/gemma/common.h
index 8aa2112..d88a742 100644
--- a/gemma/common.h
+++ b/gemma/common.h
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ const char* ModelString(Model model, PromptWrapping wrapping);
 const char* StringFromType(Type type);
 
 // Wraps the given prompt using the expected control tokens for IT models.
+// `GemmaChatTemplate` is preferred if a tokenized return value is fine.
 void Wrap(const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos, std::string& prompt);
 
 // Returns the scale value to use for the embedding (basically sqrt model_dim).
diff --git a/gemma/gemma.cc b/gemma/gemma.cc
index bfc6534..658ff66 100644
--- a/gemma/gemma.cc
+++ b/gemma/gemma.cc
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ Gemma::Gemma(const Path& tokenizer_path, const Path& weights,
   model_.Load(weights, info.model, info.weight, info.wrapping,
               env_.parallel.Pools().Pool(0),
               /*tokenizer_proto=*/nullptr);
+  chat_template_.Init(tokenizer_, model_.Config().model);
 }
 
 Gemma::Gemma(const Path& weights, MatMulEnv& env) : env_(env) {
@@ -51,10 +52,13 @@ Gemma::Gemma(const Path& weights, MatMulEnv& env) : env_(env) {
   model_.Load(weights, Model::UNKNOWN, Type::kUnknown, PromptWrapping::GEMMA_IT,
               env_.parallel.Pools().Pool(0), &tokenizer_proto);
   tokenizer_.Deserialize(tokenizer_proto);
+  chat_template_.Init(tokenizer_, model_.Config().model);
 }
 
 Gemma::Gemma(GemmaTokenizer&& tokenizer, const ModelInfo& info, MatMulEnv& env)
-    : env_(env), tokenizer_(std::move(tokenizer)) {
+    : env_(env),
+      tokenizer_(std::move(tokenizer)),
+      chat_template_(tokenizer_, info.model) {
   HWY_ASSERT(info.weight == Type::kF32);
   model_.Allocate(info.model, info.weight, env_.parallel.Pools().Pool(0));
 }
diff --git a/gemma/gemma.h b/gemma/gemma.h
index ccda69c..de0cba1 100644
--- a/gemma/gemma.h
+++ b/gemma/gemma.h
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ class Gemma {
                       .weight = model_.Config().weight});
   }
   const GemmaTokenizer& Tokenizer() const { return tokenizer_; }
+  const GemmaChatTemplate& ChatTemplate() const { return chat_template_; }
   const ModelWeightsStorage& Weights() const { return model_; }
   ModelWeightsStorage& MutableWeights() { return model_; }
   void Save(const Path& weights, hwy::ThreadPool& pool) {
@@ -256,6 +257,7 @@ class Gemma {
   MatMulEnv& env_;
 
   GemmaTokenizer tokenizer_;
+  GemmaChatTemplate chat_template_;
   // Type-erased so that this can be defined in the header.
   ModelWeightsStorage model_;
 };
diff --git a/gemma/run.cc b/gemma/run.cc
index 254d13f..a437ae0 100644
--- a/gemma/run.cc
+++ b/gemma/run.cc
@@ -162,16 +162,6 @@ void ReplGemma(Gemma& model, KVCache& kv_cache, const AppArgs& app,
       continue;
     }
 
-    // Wrap, tokenize and maybe log prompt tokens.
-    std::vector<int> prompt = WrapAndTokenize(
-        model.Tokenizer(), model.Info(), abs_pos, prompt_string);
-    prompt_size = prompt.size();
-    if constexpr (kVerboseLogTokens) {
-      for (int i = 0; i < prompt_size; ++i) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "DDD TOKEN %3d: %6d\n", i, prompt[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
     // Set up runtime config.
     TimingInfo timing_info = {.verbosity = app.verbosity};
     RuntimeConfig runtime_config = {.gen = &gen,
@@ -181,23 +171,29 @@ void ReplGemma(Gemma& model, KVCache& kv_cache, const AppArgs& app,
                                     .use_spinning = app.spin};
     args.CopyTo(runtime_config);
     size_t prefix_end = 0;
+
+    std::vector<int> prompt;
     if (have_image) {
+      prompt =
+          WrapAndTokenize(model.Tokenizer(), model.ChatTemplate(), model.Info(),
+                          abs_pos, prompt_string, image_tokens.BatchSize());
       runtime_config.image_tokens = &image_tokens;
-      if (model.Info().wrapping == PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA) {
-        prompt.insert(prompt.begin(), image_tokens.BatchSize(), 0);
-      } else if (model.Info().wrapping == PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM) {
-        size_t seq_len = model.GetModelConfig().vit_config.seq_len;
-        size_t pool_dim = model.GetModelConfig().vit_config.pool_dim;
-        prompt =
-            WrapVLM(model.Tokenizer(), model.Info(), abs_pos, prompt,
-                    image_tokens.BatchSize(), seq_len / (pool_dim * pool_dim));
-      }
       prompt_size = prompt.size();
       // The end of the prefix for prefix-LM style attention in Paligemma.
       // See Figure 2 of https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.07726.
       prefix_end = prompt_size;
       // We need to look at all the tokens for the prefix.
       runtime_config.prefill_tbatch_size = prompt_size;
+    } else {
+      prompt = WrapAndTokenize(model.Tokenizer(), model.ChatTemplate(),
+                               model.Info(), abs_pos, prompt_string);
+      prompt_size = prompt.size();
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (kVerboseLogTokens) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < prompt_size; ++i) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "DDD TOKEN %3d: %6d\n", i, prompt[i]);
+      }
     }
 
     // Generate until EOS or max_generated_tokens.
diff --git a/gemma/tokenizer.cc b/gemma/tokenizer.cc
index e48abae..83f3429 100644
--- a/gemma/tokenizer.cc
+++ b/gemma/tokenizer.cc
@@ -100,71 +100,123 @@ void GemmaTokenizer::Deserialize(const std::string& tokenizer_proto) {
 
 bool GemmaTokenizer::Encode(const std::string& input,
                             std::vector<std::string>* pieces) const {
-  return impl_->Encode(input, pieces);
+  return impl_ && impl_->Encode(input, pieces);
 }
 
 bool GemmaTokenizer::Encode(const std::string& input,
                             std::vector<int>* ids) const {
-  return impl_->Encode(input, ids);
+  return impl_ && impl_->Encode(input, ids);
 }
 
 // Given a sequence of ids, decodes it into a detokenized output.
 bool GemmaTokenizer::Decode(const std::vector<int>& ids,
                             std::string* detokenized) const {
-  return impl_->Decode(ids, detokenized);
+  return impl_ && impl_->Decode(ids, detokenized);
 }
 
-std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
-                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
-                                 std::string& prompt) {
-  Wrap(info, pos, prompt);
+bool GemmaChatTemplate::Init(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer, Model model) {
+  sot_user_.reserve(3);
+  if (!tokenizer.Encode("<start_of_turn>user\n", &sot_user_)) return false;
+  sot_model_.reserve(3);
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("<start_of_turn>model\n", &sot_model_));
+  eot_.reserve(2);
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("<end_of_turn>\n", &eot_));
 
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("\n", &pali_sep_));
+  vlm_soi_.reserve(2);
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("\n\n<start_of_image>", &vlm_soi_));
+  vlm_eoi_.reserve(2);
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("<end_of_image>\n\n", &vlm_eoi_));
+  return true;
+}
+
+std::vector<int> GemmaChatTemplate::Apply(size_t pos,
+                                          const std::vector<int>& ids) const {
+  HWY_ASSERT_M(!sot_user_.empty() && !sot_model_.empty() && !eot_.empty(),
+               "GemmaChatTemplate has not been initialized.");
+  std::vector<int> out;
+  out.reserve(eot_.size() + sot_user_.size() + ids.size() + eot_.size() +
+              sot_model_.size());
+
+  // Start with BOS, or prepend end_of_turn if this is a continuation.
+  if (pos == 0) {
+    out.push_back(BOS_ID);
+  } else {
+    out.insert(out.cend(), eot_.cbegin(), eot_.cend());
+  }
+  // Start of user turn, user prompt, end of turn; then start of model turn.
+  out.insert(out.cend(), sot_user_.cbegin(), sot_user_.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), ids.cbegin(), ids.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), eot_.cbegin(), eot_.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), sot_model_.cbegin(), sot_model_.cend());
+  return out;
+}
+
+std::vector<int> GemmaChatTemplate::WrapPali(const std::vector<int>& text_part,
+                                             size_t image_batch_size) const {
+  HWY_ASSERT_M(!pali_sep_.empty(),
+               "GemmaChatTemplate has not been initialized.");
+  std::vector<int> out;
+  out.reserve(image_batch_size + 1 + text_part.size() + pali_sep_.size());
+  out.resize(image_batch_size, 0);
+  out.push_back(BOS_ID);
+  out.insert(out.cend(), text_part.cbegin(), text_part.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), pali_sep_.cbegin(), pali_sep_.cend());
+  return out;
+}
+
+std::vector<int> GemmaChatTemplate::WrapVLM(const std::vector<int>& text_part,
+                                            size_t image_batch_size) const {
+  HWY_ASSERT_M(!vlm_soi_.empty() && !vlm_eoi_.empty(),
+               "GemmaChatTemplate has not been initialized.");
+  std::vector<int> out;
+  out.reserve(text_part.size() + vlm_soi_.size() + image_batch_size +
+              vlm_eoi_.size());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), text_part.cbegin(), text_part.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), vlm_soi_.cbegin(), vlm_soi_.cend());
+  out.insert(out.cend(), image_batch_size, -2);
+  out.insert(out.cend(), vlm_eoi_.cbegin(), vlm_eoi_.cend());
+  return out;
+}
+
+// Text
+std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
+                                 const GemmaChatTemplate& chat_template,
+                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
+                                 const std::string& prompt) {
   std::vector<int> tokens;
   HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode(prompt, &tokens));
-  // Both pre-trained and instruction-tuned require BOS as first token.
-  if (pos == 0) {
-    tokens.insert(tokens.begin(), BOS_ID);
-  }
 
-  // PaliGemma separator. The SEP token "\n" is always tokenized separately.
-  if (info.wrapping == PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA
-      // || info.wrapping == PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM
-  ) {
-    std::vector<int> sep_tokens;
-    HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("\n", &sep_tokens));
-    tokens.insert(tokens.end(), sep_tokens.begin(), sep_tokens.end());
+  switch (info.wrapping) {
+    case PromptWrapping::GEMMA_IT:
+    case PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM:
+      return chat_template.Apply(pos, tokens);
+    default:
+      if (pos == 0) {
+        tokens.insert(tokens.cbegin(), BOS_ID);
+      }
+      return tokens;
   }
-
-  return tokens;
 }
 
-std::vector<int> WrapVLM(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer, const ModelInfo& info,
-                         size_t pos, std::vector<int>& tokens,
-                         size_t image_batch_size, size_t max_image_batch_size) {
-  HWY_ASSERT(info.wrapping == PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM);
-  size_t num_images = hwy::DivCeil(image_batch_size, max_image_batch_size);
-
-  std::vector<int> sep_tokens;
-  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode("\n", &sep_tokens));
-
-  std::string begin_image_prompt = "\n\n<start_of_image>";
-  std::vector<int> begin_image_tokens =
-      WrapAndTokenize(tokenizer, info, pos, begin_image_prompt);
-
-  std::string end_image_prompt = "<end_of_image>\n\n";
-  std::vector<int> end_image_tokens =
-      WrapAndTokenize(tokenizer, info, pos, end_image_prompt);
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_images; ++i) {
-    tokens.insert(tokens.begin(), begin_image_tokens.begin(),
-                  begin_image_tokens.end());
-    tokens.insert(tokens.begin() + begin_image_tokens.size(), image_batch_size,
-                  -2);
-    tokens.insert(tokens.begin() + begin_image_tokens.size() + image_batch_size,
-                  end_image_tokens.begin(), end_image_tokens.end());
+// Vision
+std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
+                                 const GemmaChatTemplate& chat_template,
+                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
+                                 const std::string& prompt,
+                                 size_t image_batch_size) {
+  std::vector<int> text_part;
+  HWY_ASSERT(tokenizer.Encode(prompt, &text_part));
+  switch (info.wrapping) {
+    case PromptWrapping::PALIGEMMA:
+      HWY_ASSERT(pos == 0);
+      return chat_template.WrapPali(text_part, image_batch_size);
+    case PromptWrapping::GEMMA_VLM:
+      return chat_template.Apply(
+          pos, chat_template.WrapVLM(text_part, image_batch_size));
+    default:
+      HWY_ASSERT_M(false, "Current variant does not support vision prompt.");
   }
-
-  return tokens;
 }
 
 }  // namespace gcpp
diff --git a/gemma/tokenizer.h b/gemma/tokenizer.h
index 0bbd8f4..ff8f91e 100644
--- a/gemma/tokenizer.h
+++ b/gemma/tokenizer.h
@@ -54,13 +54,43 @@ class GemmaTokenizer {
   std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl_;
 };
 
-std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
-                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
-                                 std::string& prompt);
+class GemmaChatTemplate {
+ public:
+  GemmaChatTemplate() = default;
+  explicit GemmaChatTemplate(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer, Model model) {
+    (void)Init(tokenizer, model);
+  }
 
-std::vector<int> WrapVLM(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer, const ModelInfo& info,
-                         size_t pos, std::vector<int>& tokens,
-                         size_t image_batch_size, size_t max_image_batch_size);
+  // Returns false if the tokenizer is not available (as in optimize_test.cc).
+  bool Init(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer, Model model);
+
+  // Given prompt tokens, this returns the wrapped prompt including BOS and
+  // any "start_of_turn" structure required by the model.
+  std::vector<int> Apply(size_t pos, const std::vector<int>& ids) const;
+  std::vector<int> WrapPali(const std::vector<int>& text_part,
+                            size_t image_batch_size) const;
+  std::vector<int> WrapVLM(const std::vector<int>& text_part,
+                           size_t image_batch_size) const;
+
+ private:
+  std::vector<int> sot_user_;
+  std::vector<int> sot_model_;
+  std::vector<int> eot_;
+  std::vector<int> pali_sep_;
+  std::vector<int> vlm_soi_;
+  std::vector<int> vlm_eoi_;
+};
+
+std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
+                                 const GemmaChatTemplate& chat_template,
+                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
+                                 const std::string& prompt);
+
+std::vector<int> WrapAndTokenize(const GemmaTokenizer& tokenizer,
+                                 const GemmaChatTemplate& chat_template,
+                                 const ModelInfo& info, size_t pos,
+                                 const std::string& prompt,
+                                 size_t image_batch_size);
 
 }  // namespace gcpp