✨ Add docs about CORS (#169)

docs/src/cors/tutorial001.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from starlette.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+origins = [
+    "http://localhost.tiangolo.com",
+    "https://localhost.tiangolo.com",
+    "http:localhost",
+    "http:localhost:8080",
+]
+
+app.add_middleware(
+    CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=origins,
+    allow_credentials=True,
+    allow_methods=["*"],
+    allow_headers=["*"],
+)

docs/tutorial/cors.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS" target="_blank">CORS or "Cross-Origin Resource Sharing"</a> refers to the situations when a frontend running in a browser has JavaScript code that communicates with a backend, and the backend is in a different "origin" than the frontend.
+
+## Origin
+
+An origin is the combination of protocol (`http`, `https`), domain (`myapp.com`, `localhost`, `localhost.tiangolo.com`), and port (`80`, `443`, `8080`).
+
+So, all these are different origins:
+
+* `http://localhost`
+* `https://localhost`
+* `http://localhost:8080`
+
+Even if they are all in `localhost`, they use different protocols or ports, so, they are different "origins".
+
+## Steps
+
+So, let's say you have a frontend running in your browser at `http://localhost:8080`, and its JavaScript is trying to communicate with a backend running at `http://localhost` (because we don't specify a port, the browser will assume the default port `80`).
+
+Then, the browser will send an HTTP `OPTIONS` request to the backend, and if the backend sends the appropriate headers authorizing the communication from this different origin (`http://localhost:8080`) then the browser will let the JavaScript in the frontend send its request to the backend.
+
+To achieve this, the backend must have a list of "allowed origins".
+
+In this case, it would have to include `http://localhost:8080` for the frontend to work correctly.
+
+## Wildcards
+
+It's also possible to declare the list as `"*"` (a "wildcard") to say that all are allowed.
+
+But that will only allow certain types of communication, excluding everything that involves credentials: Cookies, Authorization headers like those used with Bearer Tokens, etc.
+
+So, for everything to work correctly, it's better to specify explicitly the allowed origins.
+
+## Use `CORSMiddleware`
+
+You can configure it in your **FastAPI** application using Starlette's <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" target="_blank">`CORSMiddleware`</a>.
+
+* Import it form Starlette.
+* Create a list of allowed origins (as strings).
+* Add it as a "middleware" to your **FastAPI** application.
+
+You can also specify if your backend allows:
+
+* Credentials (Authorization headers, Cookies, etc).
+* Specific HTTP methods (`POST`, `PUT`) or all of them with the wildcard `"*"`.
+* Specific HTTP headers or all of them with the wildcard `"*"`.
+
+```Python hl_lines="2 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 19"
+{!./src/cors/tutorial001.py!}
+```
+
+## More info
+
+For more details of what you can specify in `CORSMiddleware`, check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" target="_blank">Starlette's `CORSMiddleware` docs</a>.
+
+For more info about <abbr title="Cross-Origin Resource Sharing">CORS</abbr>, check the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS" target="_blank">Mozilla CORS documentation</a>.

mkdocs.yml

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ nav:
             - Simple OAuth2 with Password and Bearer: 'tutorial/security/simple-oauth2.md'
             - OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens: 'tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md'
             - OAuth2 scopes: 'tutorial/security/oauth2-scopes.md'
+        - CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing): 'tutorial/cors.md'    
         - Using the Request Directly: 'tutorial/using-request-directly.md'    
         - SQL (Relational) Databases: 'tutorial/sql-databases.md'
         - Async SQL (Relational) Databases: 'tutorial/async-sql-databases.md'